Bronchoscopic ablative therapy in modern pediatric interventional respiratory diseases / 中国实用儿科杂志

Bronchoscopic ablative therapy, which is mainly used in airway obstructive diseases, includes laser,thermo-coagulation(electrocautery,and argon plasma coagulation)and cryotherapy. The thermal ablation and frozen cut can quickly destroy the obstructions in the airway,such as the granulation tissue,scar tissue and tumors. In the meanwhile,the freezing and thawing technique can effectively inhibit the granulation tissue and scar tissue regeneration. Timely,standardized and integrated application of bronchoscopic ablation is the key to gaining the safe and effective treatment in children with severe airway obstructive diseases.

Analysis on the Revenue and Expenditure Structure of County Public Hospitals in Shanxi from 2010 to 2016 / 中国卫生经济

Objective:To analyze the revenue and expenditure structure of county public hospitals in Shanxi since new medical reform in order to provide evidence about county public hospital reform.Methods:Related data of revenue and expenditure in county public hospitals of Shanxi from 2010 to 2016 were used and analyzed by descriptive analysis and the indicators of the structural changes.Results:The effect of compensation mechanism reform appeared;drug income ratio descended.Drug income was still the important factor to keep hospitals running normally;fiscal subsidy increased by years,public welfare of county public hospitals was prominent;technical services revenue which realized the value of technical work performed by medical personnel changed little.Conclusion:The cost structure of public county hospitals needed further adjustment.It should establish the comprehensive evaluation system of unreasonable growth of medical expenses,actively implement modern hospital management system,carry out synthetic?configuration of medical resources in county area,establish a dynamic medical service pricing mechanism combining market regulation with government guidance under the government's macro-controlling,and introduce the disease related group to hospital performance evaluation.

Pretreatment of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction () alters pharmacokinetics of intravenous paclitaxel in rats / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction (, SGD) on the pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered paclitaxel in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Paclitaxel was intravenously administered to rats (3 mg/kg) with or without the concomitant administration of SGD (752 mg/kg, a single day or 14 consecutive days pretreatment). The paclitaxel in the serum was quantified using a simple and rapid ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method for the pharmacokinetic study. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated via a non-compartment model using the computer program DAS 2.0.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The pharmacokinetic parameters of paclitaxel were significantly altered in response to 14 consecutive days of pretreatment with SGD. The area under the curve (AUC, from 4 820±197 to 4 205±186 ng·mL·) and AUC(from 5 237±280 to 4 514±210 ng·mL·) significantly decreased in response to the 14-day pretreatment with SGD. The values of V(L/kg) were 10.74±1.08 and 9.35±0.49, those of CL (L/kg) were 0.67±0.03 and 0.57±0.03 and the t(h) values were 11.17±0.84 and 11.32±0.93, respectively, for the 14-day SGD pretreatment and intravenous paclitaxel alone. The AUCand AUCvalues decreased by 13% and 14% (P<0.01), respectively. The area under the curve decreased signifificantly (P<0.01), and the total clearance increased by 1.2-fold (P<0.01), after 14 consecutive days of pretreatment with SGD. A single-day pretreatment with SGD did not signifificantly affect the pharmacokinetic parameters of paclitaxel.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>SGD administration for 14 consecutive days increased the metabolism of paclitaxel, while a 1-day pretreatment had little effect. The results would contribute important information to the study on interaction between Chinese medicines and chemotherapy and also help to utilize SGD better in the adjunctive therapy of cancer patients.</p>

Role of Liquid-based Cytology and Cell Block in the Diagnosis of Endometrial Lesions / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Liquid-based cytology (LBC) offers an alternative method to biopsy in screening endometrial cancer. Cell block (CB), prepared by collecting residual cytological specimen, represents a novel method to supplement the diagnosis of endometrial cytology. This study aimed to compare the specimen adequacy and diagnostic accuracy of LBC and CB in the diagnosis of endometrial lesions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 198 women with high risks of endometrial carcinoma (EC) from May 2014 to April 2015 were enrolled in this study. The cytological specimens were collected by the endometrial sampler (SAP-1) followed by histopathologic evaluation of dilatation and curettage or biopsy guided by hysteroscopy. The residual cytological specimens were processed into paraffin-embedded CB after LBC preparation. Diagnostic accuracies of LBC and CB for detecting endometrial lesions were correlated with histological diagnoses. Chi-square test was used to compare the specimen adequacies of LBC and CB.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The specimen inadequate rate of CB was significantly higher than that of LBC (22.2% versus 7.1%, P < 0.01). There were 144 cases with adequate specimens for LBC and CB preparation. Among them, 29 cases were atypical endometrial hyperplasia (11 cases) or carcinoma (18 cases) confirmed by histology evaluation. Taking atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma as positive, the diagnostic accuracy of CB was 95.1% while it was 93.8% in LBC. When combined LBC with CB, the diagnostic accuracy was improved to 95.8%, with a sensitivity of 89.7% and specificity of 97.4%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CB is a feasible and reproducible adjuvant method for screening endometrial lesions. A combination of CB and LBC can improve the diagnostic accuracy of endometrial lesions.</p>

The clinicopathological study of 18 solitary plasmacytoma patients / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To investigate the diagnosis,differential diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of solitary plasmacytoma (SP) and summarize its clinical features for pathological and clinical application.Methods Reviewed the data of 18 patients diagnosed with SP from January 2005 to August 2013.The clinical features,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis were analyzed retrospectively.Results All 18 cases were pathologically confirmed with SP and met the diagnostic criteria of SP.In 18 patients,12 patients were male and 6 patients were female.Four cases of lesion were located at lumbar,each 2 cases of lesion were located at mandible and ribs,each 1 case of lesion was located at sacrum and occipital bone,3 cases of lesion were located at nasal cavity and maxillary sinus,2 cases of lesion was located at pars nasalis pharyngis,each 1 case of lesion was located at parotid,parasternal and peritoneal cavity.All patients were followed up for 54 months,2 patients were died,3 patients were local recurrence,2 patients were transformed to multiple myeloma,others were survival with no tumor.Conclusions As early as possible to diagnose is the key to treat SP.The final diagnosis of SP is based on the histopathological findings and the optimal treatment for patients with SP is surgery combined with moderate dose radiotherapy.

Clinical observation of different minimally invasive surgeries for the treatment of impacted upper ureteral calculi

To compare the clinical effects of three minimally invasive surgeries on the treatment of impacted upper ureteral calculi. 135 patients with impacted upper ureteral calculi were selected and randomly divided into three groups [Group A-C] [n=45], which were treated with transurethral ureteroscopic lithotripsy, minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy, and retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy respectively. Relevant results of the three groups were compared. The surgery time of Group C was significantly longer than those of Group A and Group B [P < 0.05]. The postoperative hospitalization time of Group B was significantly longer than those of Group A and Group C [P < 0.05]. 37.78% [17/45] of Group A patients required extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, being significantly more than those in Group B [6.67%, 3/45] and Group C [0, 0/45] [P < 0.05]. The postoperative calculus clearance rate of Group A [51.11%, 82.22%] was significantly lower than those of Group B [91.11%, 97.78%] and Group C [93.33%, 100%]]P < 0.05]. The incidence rates of postoperative complications in Group A-C were 11.11% [5/45], 8.89% [4/45] and 6.67% [3/45] respectively without significant differences [P>0.05]. The three surgical methods for impacted upper ureteral calculi should be selected according to practical conditions to improve therapeutic effects and to ensure safe surgery

Clinical features of endogenous bronchial foreign bodies and application of bronchoscopy in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical features of endogenous bronchial foreign bodies and the value of bronchoscopy in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and six children who presented lobe or lung segment atelectasis by the chest X-ray and bronchial foreign body inhalation was excluded by bronchoscopy were enrolled. The original diseases included Mycoplasma pneumonia (n=62), endobronchial tuberculosis (n=24), bronchial pneumonia (n=16), nephrotic syndrome (n=2), laryngotracheal bronchitis (n=1) and bronchiolitis (n=1). On the basis of conventional treatment of the original diseases, bronchoscopy was performed in the children. Eighty children with bronchial foreign body inhalation severed as the control group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Bronchoscopy showed the properties of endogenous foreign bodies: mucus emboli in 77 cases, cheese substances in 24 cases, dendritic white membrane in 4 cases, thrombosis in 1 case, and flaky pseudomembrane in 1 case. Hyperplasia of granulation tissue was seen in 25 cases. Of the 25 cases, endobronchial tuberculosis as the original disease was found in 22 cases. Mediastinal emphysema and pneumothorax occurred in 4 cases in the control group, but none in the endogenous foreign bodies group. The number of bronchoalveolar lavage by bronchoscopy in the endogenous foreign bodies group was significantly higher than that in the control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Bronchoscopy is valuable in the diagnosis and treatment of endogenous bronchial foreign bodies.</p>

The clinical value of measurement of urine nuclear matrix protein 22 and urinary bladder cancer antigen content in patients of bladder transitional cell carcinoma / 中国综合临床

Objective To assess the feasibility of nuclear matrix protein 22(NMP22)and urinary bladder cancer,antigen (UBC) for the early diagnosis of bladder transitional cell carcinoma and its influencing factors.Methotis 105 subjects,including 60 patients of bladder cancer,25 patients of urological benign disease and 20 normal (healthy)individuals were enrolled in this study.Urine NMP22 and UBC wag assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Urine NMP22 and UBC as well as exfoliocytology were conducted for the purpose to compare the sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive value of these three ways.Results The sensitivity of NMP22(88.3%)and UBC(86.7%)were significantly better than exfolioeytology(40.0%,P<0.01).The specificity of NMP22,UBC and exfoliocytology were 80.0%,84.0%and 92.0%,respectively, the positive predictive values were 91.4%,92.9%and 92.3%,and the negative predictive values were 74.1%.72.4%and 38.9%.Conclusions NMP22 and UBC are sensitive,specific,simple,feasible and noninvasive diagnostic markers for the early detection of urinary bladder transitional cell cancer.

IFN-γ release assay: a diagnostic assistance tool of tuberculin skin test in pediatric tuberculosis in China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Prompt diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection is an essential step in tuberculosis control and elimination. However, it is often difficult to accurately diagnose pediatric tuberculosis (TB). The tuberculin test (TST) may have a low specificity because of cross-reactivity with antigens present in Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and other mycobacteria, especially in China with a predominantly BCG-vaccinated population. Early-secreted antigenic target 6-kDa protein (ESAT-6) and culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10), stand out as suitable antigens that induce an interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) secreting, T-cell-mediated immune response to infection. While, considered the higher costs and complexity of the IFN-γ release assay (TSPOT), we aimed to evaluate the TSPOT and TST test in the clinical diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis and to establish a diagnostic process suitable for China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The sensitivity and specificity of the assay were evaluated in total seventy four children with active tuberculosis and fifty one nontuberculous children with other disease, and then the results were compared with TST. Logistic regression models were used to identify variables that were associated with positive results for each assay. The independent variables included sex, age, birth place, vaccination history, close contract with an active TB patient.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The sensitivity of TSPOT was higher than TST in active TB children with or without BCG vaccination, as well as in children with culture-confirmed TB. But the difference was not significant statistically. Combining results of the TSPOT and TST improved the sensitivity to 94.6%. Agreement of the TST and TSPOT was low (77.0%, κ = 0.203) in active TB patients. The difference in specificity between TSPOT and TST test was statistically significant (94.1% vs. 70.6%, P = 0.006). Specificity of the two tests in patients without prior BCG vaccination history was similar (80.0% vs. 60.0%). The concordance between the two tests results in BCG vaccinated subjects was low (71.7%, κ = 0.063). For TSPOT, none of the included risk factors was significantly associated with positive results. For TST, BCG vaccination (OR: 1.78; 95%CI: 1.30 - 2.00) was significantly associated with positive results.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Although IFN-γ release assay had relatively high sensitivity and specificity, we also should consider the higher costs and complexity of this test. Therefore, TSPOT could be used as the complementary tool of TST in circumstances when a suspected patient with negative TST results, or to exclude a positive TST result caused by BCG vaccination.</p>

Association of NRAMP1 gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility to tuberculosis in ethnic Han Chinese children / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Tuberculosis is still a public health problem. Host genetic factors, such as polymorphisms in NRAMP1 gene, may play a role in the development of tuberculosis. To clarify the effect of NRAMP1 gene polymorphisms on the development of childhood tuberculosis, the association of NRAMP1 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to tuberculosis in the ethnic Han Chinese children was investigated.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2005 to March 2008, 130 ethnic Han children with tuberculosis (TB group) were enrolled. Three hundred and ninety hospitalized ethnic Han children for physical examination in the surgery department were used as the control group. The controls were matched with tuberculosis children by age, sex and area. PCR-RFLP analysis was performed on DNA samples to identify allele genotypes of INT4 and D543N in NRAMP1 gene. Genotype frequency differences between tuberculosis patients and controls were analyzed using x2 test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No statistical difference was found in the genotype frequency of variants G/C and C/C at the INT4 locus between the TB and the control groups. At the D543N locus, the frequency of genotype variants (G/A and A/A) was significantly higher in the TB group (34/130) than that in the control group (66/390) (x2=5.349, P<0.05; OR=1.74, 95%CI=1.08-2.79). When stratified by sex, differences in the genotype distribution were observed only in females at the D543N locus, which the variant genotypes were higher in the TB group (16/52) than in the control group (21/155) (x2=7.866, P<0.05; OR=2.84, 95%CI=1.34-5.99). For males, there was no difference between the TB and the control groups. At the INT4 locus, no difference was observed between the two groups in boys and girls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Genotypic variation at the D543N locus in NRAMP1 gene may be associated with susceptibility to tuberculosis in ethnic Han Chinese children. Variant genotypes in NRAMP1 gene (G/A and A/A) may be susceptible genotypes to tuberculosis in ethnic Han Chinese children. Girls with variant genotypes were more susceptible to tuberculosis.</p>

Characterization of murine leukemia virus recombinants bearing PRRSV GP5 glycoproteins / 生物工程学报

The highly virulent PRRSV isolate strain HN-1/06 was cultivated on Marc-145. To study the viral entry mechanisms, the GP5 gene of PRRSV isolate was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into pcDNA3.0 to generate the expressing plasmid pcDNA-GP5. pcDNA-GP5 was transfected into 293T by the calcium phosphate precipitation method. Analysis of flow cytometry confirmed that the GP5 proteins were expressed in surface of the 293T cells. Then 293T cells were transfected with pcDNA-GP5, pHIT60 and pHIT111 plasmids to generate pseudotyping virus. The pseudotyping virus supernatant was harvested 48 hours post-transfection and was detected by Western blotting and infection assay. Western blotting indicated that the GP5 glycoproteins were incorporated into the retroviral pseudotyped virus. Infection assay showed that the pseudotyped virus infected 293T and Mark-145 cell. The pseudotyped virus could be used to further study infectious mechanism of PRRSV.

Pseudotyping of murine leukemia virus particles with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus M protein-mediated E protein / 病毒学报

For constructing pcDNA-ORF5, pcDNA-ORF5-ORF6, pcDNA-ORF5/6, the ORF5 and ORF6 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were amplified by RT-PCR, and transiently transfected into 293T cells by calciumphosphate co-precipitation. After 48 h, 293T cells were collected and surveyed by flow cytometry examination. The result indicated that the expression level of the E protein that mediated by the M protein was higher than that of the E protein expressed independently. Then pcDNA-ORF5, pcDNA-ORF5-ORF6, pcDNA-ORF5/6 were respectivly co-transfected into 293T cells with pHIT60 (include MuLV structural genes,namely gag and pol) and pHIT111 (retroviral genome, containing LacZ as a reporter). The supernatants were harvested 48 h post-transfection,and the analysis of the characteristic of the pseudotyping virions was performed by Western blot and infection test. The result indicated that the E proteins were expressed on the virions, and incorporated into the retroviral virions. Infection test were performed on Marc-145 and PAM, all the cells infected were Lac Z positive. These results indicated the pseudotype virions of MuLV-E and MuLV-E/M were infectious, and higher infectivity was achieved by MuLV-E/M.

Construction of eukaryotic express vector of duck interleukin 18 gene and identification of bioactivity of its expressed protein / 生物工程学报

Duck IL-18 gene was amplified from plasmid pGEM-DuIL-18 by PCR. The PCR product digested with Pst I and Xho I was inserted into eukaryotic express vector pcDNA3.1(+) to generate an recombinant expression plasmid pcDNA3.1/DuIL-18 (pDuIL-18), and transformed into Escherichia coli JM109. The recombinant colonies were identified by restriction enzyme digestion, PCR and sequencing. DNA sequence confirmed the correct sequence of the recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pDuIL-18 in the reading frame and the ligation part. After the transfection of pDuIL-18 into Cos7 cells, duck IL-18 mRNA was expressed in Cos7 cell. The SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the expressed duck IL-18 protein had molecular weight of 23 000 D. The results of methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay showed that duck IL-18 protein expressed in Cos7 cell could induce significantly transformation of duck T lymphocytes. Immunoenhancement effect of recombinant expression plasmid pDuIL18 on avian influenza vaccine was observed by proliferation response of the T lymphocytes from spleen. It can obviously enhance the cell-mediated immune response.

Diffuse panbronchiolitis in a child: case report and literature review / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) is a chronic progressive disease of the lower respiratory tract, which is prevalent in Asian population. So far, many DPB cases have been found in adults in China. To our knowledge, no pediatric DPB case has ever been reported in China. We describe the first pediatric DPB case in Chinese literature and the second case in the English-language literature.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The clinical manifestations, characteristic imaging and histological features of this DPB case were summarized.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The patient was a 13-year old girl complained of chronic productive cough with wheezing. Chest auscultation revealed fine moist rales and wheezing over both lung fields. The chest X-ray showed small nodules and reticular opacities in left lower lobe. High-resolution thorax computerized tomography (HRCT) demonstrated bilateral diffuse small centrilobuler nodules and bronchial wall thickening or bronchiectasis in some parts of the lungs. Histopathological examination of transbronchial biopsy specimen revealed lymphocytes and foamy histocytes infiltrated in the walls of bronchi, respiratory bronchioles and adjacent alveoli. Lymphoid follicles were present around some bronchi. Sinus radiographs revealed sinusitis. Lung function studies showed obstruction and restriction. PaO2 was 65 mm Hg. The diagnosis of DPB was made according to the current diagnostic criteria. Low-dose erythromycin [5 - 10 mg/(kg.d)] was effective.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DPB could occur in children in China. The major diagnostic clues may include the following: (1) persistent cough, sputum, and dyspnea; (2) coexistent chronic sinusitis; (3) bilateral diffuse small nodular opacities on HRCT. Low-dose erythromycin was effective in treatment of the case with DPB.</p>

Evaluation of cystatin C with two kinds of detection systems / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the performance of Cys C results among two detection system.Methods The particle-enhanced immunonephrometic assay was used in Dade Behring BNII. Immunoturbic assay was used in Hitachi 7170 to evaluate the JING' YUAN reagents.We compared the precison,linearity,interference,correlation,and calibrators agreement with Dade Behring BNII.Results The total CV of the samples that contain 0.6-5.0 mg/L was less than 10%.The Dade Behring and JING'YUAN method showed good linearity.Haemoglobin(10 g/L),Bilirubin(300 mg/L), Vitamin C(5 g/L)in the tested sample had no significant interference in the assay(interference 0.05) between JING' YUAN and Dade Behring reagents.Values were slightly lower than that from the Dade Behring BNII method,the mean bias was-0.16.The bias range was 1.1%-23% between JING'YUAN and Dade Behring for one sample.Conclusions The precision,linearity and interference test were suitable for routine Cys C measurement on automated biochemistry analyzer,but results has bias.

Application and comparison of three diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome in Beijing population / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To compare application in Beijing population using the diagnostic criterias for metabolic syndrome(MS)according to the criterias of the International Diabetes Federation(IDF),Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program(NCEP)Expert Panel on Detection,Evaluation,and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults[ATP Ⅲ(revised)]and Chinese Diabetes Society(CDS), respectively.Methods This study was based on an investigation on the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases involving 4 628 cases.MS was diagnosed according to these three definitions respectively and prevalence derived from these three definitions was compared.Results The prevalence of MS were 40.3 %, 44.3% and 35.7% according to the IDF,ATP Ⅲ(revised)and CDS respectively.The agreement in the diagnosis of MS using IDF and CDS,ATP Ⅲ(revised)and CDS,IDF and ATP Ⅲ(revised)were 81.9%, 83.7% and 96.0% respectively.There were 4.0% subjects among the MS patients diagnosed by ATP Ⅲ (revised)who can not be screened by IDF criteria.The prevalence of obesity was 19.6% according to ATP Ⅲ,much lower than the prevalence using CDS and IDF,whereas this rate increased to 58.6% using ATP Ⅲ(revised)criteria,showing diagnostic agreement with CDS.The coincidence rate between ATP Ⅲ (revised)and CDS was 80.6% Conclusion This investigation shows good agreement in the diagnosis of MS using IDF,CDS and ATP Ⅲ(revised)among Beijing population and these criterias can be used in China.

Evaluation of clinical performance of cardiac troponin Ⅰ in diagnosis and prognosis of non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of new genevation Beckman Coulter cTnI in diagnosis of non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI),and the values of cTnI in prognosis of non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes(NSTEACS).Methods The cTnI was determined in NSTEMI patients and in control group,then analyzed the data with receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve)statistical software.Two hundred and sixty-nine patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes were divided into cTnI≥0.04 ?g/L and cTnI

Comparison of serum creatinine,Cystatin C and estimated glomerular filtration rate on evaluation of glomerular filtration function in chronic kidney disease patients / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To compare the coherence of serum creatinine,creatinine clearance(Ccr), Cystatin C,and estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)in each stage of chronic kidney disease(CKD) patients.Methods Creatinine in serum and urine were determined by Jaffe method;serum Cystatin C was measured by particle enhanced turbidimetric method,while eGFR was calculated using the abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease(MDRD)equation which was mainly based on the serum creatinine concentration.According to the American national kidney foundation-Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative(NKF-K/DOQI)guideline,all cases were grouped by eGFR into 5 stages.Results In these 228 cases,as eGFR decreased gradually,the average levels of creatinine and Cystatin C increased,while Ccr decreased.The level of each items showed a statistic difference among each stage(P0.05);in eGFR 60-89 ml/min group,the average level of creatinine was 83.3 ?mol/L,the abnormal rate was only 6.8%,it was not a sensitive marker to detect the slightly damaged GFR,the levels of Ccr and Cystatin C showed a marginal decrease and increase,with an abnormal rates of 70% and 86%,there was a statistic difference among the three abnormal rates(P

To investigate plasma levels of free and total carnitine in patients undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate plasma levels of total carnitine (TC) and free camitine (FC) in patients undergoing hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.Methods 200 cases of normal group came from physical examination in this hospital,all testing cases were the in-hospital patients in the department of nephropathy.TC and FC were determined by use of an enzymatic cycle assay on Hitachi 7170 automatic biochemical analyzer.Results In 200 cases of normal group,TC level was (56.52?9.61) ?mol/L,and FC was (46.60?8.23) ?mol/L.In 37 hemodialysis patients,TC and FC levels were (41.47?13.22) ?mol/L and (24.58?8.91)?mol/L before dialysis,a statistic difference was observed against the control group (P0.05).Conclusions Carnitine deficiency was seen in most patients undergoing hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.Furthermore,the deficiency status got worse along with the dialysis course in hemodialysis patients.Carnitine infusion can effectively improve the status of these patients.